![]() ![]() The most practiced religions are Hinduism (79.8%), Islam (14.2%) and Christianity (2.3%). While India is a secular state, religion plays a central part in the culture of the country. Today, the population of India is composed of 72% Indo-Aryans and 25% Dravidians along with many other minority groups. The Dravidians established the first Indian civilisation, the Indus. Nevertheless, it can be divided into two major groups – the Indo-Aryans and the Dravidians. The Indian population is made up of several thousand different ethnicities. There are many regional languages and a plethora of dialects. Regional accents in India are very diverse – just when you think you understand the locals well, you’ll hear a completely different linguistic take on the English language. English is spoken by educated members of the population, by traders, on tourist sites, hotels and universities. Hindi is most widely spoken in the north and is generally understood everywhere except in a handful of small southern states. The national language is Hindi (using the Devanagari alphabet), which is spoken by 45% of the population and used by the government. ![]() The Constitution of India recognises 22 official languages. Mumbai (previously Bombay) is the most populous city with around 12 million inhabitants, followed by Delhi (11 million), Bangalore (eight million) and Hyderabad (six million). About 70% of people live in the countryside. The Indian population is estimated at over one billion people and it is the second most populated country in the world after China. ![]()
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